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Purpose:
To evaluate the utility of multimodal tools in diagnosing and monitoring choroidal tumors from January 2021 to April 2024
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Methods:
A retrospective review of patient records was conducted, capturing demographic data, personal and family medical history, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and treatments. Lesions were characterized using the "To Find Small Ocular Melanoma Doing Images" (TFSOMDI) mnemonic and documented with retinography, B-scan ultrasonography, optical coherence tomography, and autofluorescence. Angiography was performed as needed. Data were tabulated using Microsoft Excel 2021.
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Results:
Among 24 choroidal tumor cases (24 eyes), 13 were benign (54.16%) and 11 malignant (45.8%). Sixty percent of the patients were male, and 40% female. Ages ranged from 3 to 88 years, with an average of 57 and a mode of 65 years. Younger patients received less invasive treatments, while older patients had more specific treatments like Gamma knife and enucleation. No significant correlation was found between personal and family cancer histories and age, sex, or treatment. Right eye involvement was more common (59.1%) than left eye involvement (40.9%), especially in males. BCVA remained stable in patients under observation, while treatments like propranolol, laser, and transpupillary thermotherapy significantly improved BCVA. Gamma knife showed mixed results, and enucleation data were insufficient.
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Conclusions:
Despite the smaller sample size compared to those reported in the literature, the characteristics of choroidal tumors treated at our center are consistent with findings from other reports.
The application of the mnemonic allows for systematic and orderly evaluations, providing a quick idea of what can be observed versus what should be referred. Its widespread dissemination and application would significantly contribute to the early diagnosis and management of this type of pathology in our country's healthcare system.